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Trigonometric Formulae

Circumference

Circumference is the distance around the perimeter of a shape.
Circle: 2 x π x r, where r is the radius

Area

Area is the amount of space within a flat, two-dimensional shape. Some common areas are given below.
Rectangle: length x breadth
Triangle: 1/2 base length x height
Parallelogram: base length x height
Circle: π x r2, where r is the radius
Sector: {a x π x r2} / 360, where ao is the angle

Surface Area / Curved Surface Area

Surface area is the outside area of a three-dimensional shape. Curved surface area is the total area of the curved side only, and does not include the flat ends. Some common areas are given below.
Surface area
Sphere: 4 x π x r2, where r is the radius
Curved surface area
Cylinder: 2 x π x r2 x height, where r is the radius
Cone: π x r x l, where r is the radius, l is the slant height

Volume

Volume is the space occuppied by a solid, three-dimensional shape. Some common volumes are given below.
Cuboid: length x breadth x height
Sphere: 4/3 x {π x r3}, where r is the radius
Pyramid: 1/3 x base area x height
Cylinder: π x r2 x height, where r is the radius
Cone: 1/3 x {π x r2 x height}, where r is the radius

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